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ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
(Đề có 6 trang)
ĐỀ THI TUYỂN SINH ĐẠI HỌC NĂM 2013
Môn: TIẾNG ANH; Khối A1
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề
Mã đề thi 693
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ĐỀ THI GỒM 80 CÂU (TỪ QUESTION 1 ĐẾN QUESTION 80)
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.
Archimedes' Principle is a law of physics that states that when an object is totally or partially
immersed in a fluid, it experiences an upthrust equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. The
principle is most frequently applied to the behaviour of objects in water, and helps to explain floating
and sinking, and why objects seem lighter in water. It also applies to balloons.
The key word in the principle is “upthrust”, which refers to the force acting upward to reduce the
apparent weight of the object when it is under water. If, for example, a metal block with a volume of
100 cm
3
is dipped in water, it displaces an equal
volume
of water, which has a weight of
approximately 1 N (3.5 oz). The block therefore seems to weigh about 1 N less.
An object will float if its average density is less than that of water. If it is totally submerged, the
weight of the water it
displaces
(and hence the upthrust on it) is greater than its own weight, and it is
forced upward and out of the water, until the weight of the water displaced by the submerged part is
exactly equal to the weight of the floating object. Thus a block of wood with a density
six tenths
that of
water will float with six tenths of its volume under water, since at that point the weight of fluid
displaced is the same as the block’s own weight. If a dense material is made into a suitable shape, it will
float because of Archimedes’ principle. A ship floats, whereas a block of iron of the same mass sinks.
It is also because of Archimedes’ principle that ships float lower in the water when they are
heavily loaded (more water must be displaced to give the necessary upthrust). In addition, they cannot
be so heavily loaded if they are to sail in fresh water as they can if they are to sail in the sea, since
fresh water is less dense than sea water, and so more water must be displaced to give the necessary
upthrust
. This means the ship is lower in the water, which can be dangerous in rough weather.
From
"Archimedes' Principle"
, Microsoft® Student 2008
[DVD]. Microsoft Corporation, 2007.
Question 1:
What happens when something is immersed in a fluid?
A.
It receives a downward force, equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
B.
It receives an upward force, equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
C.
The fluid will expand the object and overflow to the floor.
D.
It will be pushed further down with a force, equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.
Question 2:
The word “
volume”
in the passage refers to ______.
A.
loudness
B.
frequency
C.
length
D.
quantity
Question 3:
The word “
displaces”
in the passage almost means “______”.
A.
puts in position
B.
takes the place of
C.
takes place
D.
replaces with a new one
Question 4:
If an object’s average density is less than that of water, the object will ______.
A.
sink
B.
inflate
C.
drift
D.
float
Question 5:
A block of wood with a density seven tenths that of water will ______.
A.
float with an equal volume of its volume under water
B.
go up and down then sink
C.
float with a half of its volume under water
D.
sink immediately when submerged
Question 6:
A ship floats, whereas a block of iron of the same mass sinks because the ship ______.
A.
has a special shape
B.
is made of wood
C.
has buoys
D.
is lighter
Question 7:
The phrase “
six tenths
” in the passage means “______”.
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A.
6/10
B.
10/6
C.
6 and 10
D.
10 of 6
