BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU

Exercise 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Most journeys in Britain and the US are made by road. Some of these are made on public transport

but most are by private car.

In Britain many people rely on their cars for daily local activities, e.g. getting to work, doing the

shopping, and visiting friends. People living in urban areas may use buses, trains or, in London, the

Underground, to get to city centres, mainly because traffic is often heavy and it is difficult to find

anywhere to park a car. Some places in the country may have a bus only two or three times a week so

people living there have no choice but to rely on their cars.

In the US large cities have good public transportation systems. The El railroad in Chicago and the

underground systems of New York, Boston, San Francisco and Washington, DC are heavily used.

Elsewhere, most Americans prefer to use their cars. Families often have two cars and, outside major

cities, have to drive fairly long distances to schools, offices, shops, banks, etc. Many college and even

high-school students have their own cars.

Long-distance travel in Britain is also mainly by road, though railways link most towns and cities.

Most places are linked by motorways or other fast roads and many people prefer to drive at their own

convenience rather than use a train, even though they may get stuck in a traffic jam. Long- distance

coach/bus services are usually a cheaper alternative to trains, but they take longer and may be less

comfortable. Some long-distance travel, especially that undertaken for business reasons, may be by air.

There are regular flights between regional airports, as well as to and from London. A lot of freight is also

istributed by road, though heavier items and raw materials often go by rail.

In the US much long-distance travel is by air. America has two main long-distance bus companies,

Greyhound and Trailways. Amtrak, the national network, provides rail services for passengers. Private

railway companies such as Union Pacific now carry only freight, though in fact over 70% of freight goes

by road.

The main problems associated with road transport in both Britain and the US are traffic congestion

and pollution. It is predicted that the number of cars on British roads will increase by a third within a few

years, making both these problems worse. The British government would like more people to use public

transport, but so far they have had little success in persuading people to give up their cars or to share rides

with neighbours. Most people say that public transport is simply not good enough. Americans too have

resisted government requests to share cars because it is less convenient and restricts their freedom. Petrol/

gasoline is relatively cheap in the US and outside the major cities public transport is bad, so they see no

reason to use their cars less.

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