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BÀI SỐ 1

Animation traditionally is done by hand-drawing or painting successive frames of an

object, each slightly different than the preceding frame. In computer animation, although

the computer may be the one to draw the different frames, in most cases the artist will

draw the beginning and ending frames and the computer will produce the drawings

between the first and the last drawing. This is generally referred to as computer-assisted

animation, because the computer is more of a helper than an originator.

In full computer animation, complex mathematical formulas are used to produce the

final sequence of pictures. These formulas operate on extensive databases of numbers

that define the objects in the pictures as they exist in mathematical space. The database

consists of endpoints, and color and intensity information. Highly trained professionals

are needed to produce such effects because animation that obtains high degrees of realism

involves computer techniques for three-dimensional transformation, shading, and

curvatures.

High-tech computer animation for film involves very expensive computer systems

along with special color terminals or frame buffers. The frame buffer is nothing more

than a giant image memory for viewing a single frame. It temporarily holds the image for

display on the screen.

A camera can be used to film directly from the computer's display screen, but for the

highest quality images possible, expensive film recorders are used. The computer

computes the positions and colors for the figures in the picture, and sends this

information to the recorder, which captures it on film. Sometimes, however, the images

are stored on a large magnetic disk before being sent to the recorder. Once this process is

completed, it is repeated for the next frame. When the entire sequence has been recorded

on the film, the film must be developed before the animation can be viewed. If the entire

sequence does not seem right, the motions must be corrected, recomputed, redisplayed,

and rerecorded. This approach can be very expensive and time consuming. Often,

computer-animation companies first do motion tests with simple computer-generated line

drawings before selling their computers to the task of calculating the high-resolution,

realistic-looking images.

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